Antimicrobial screening and phytochemical analysis of mangrove species Acanthus ilicifolius

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Antimicrobial properties and phytochemical analysis of leaf and stem of Acanthus ilicifolius were studied. The cold and hot extracts of these parts were made in petroleum-ether, chloroform, acetone, ethanol, methanol and water and tested against microorganisms. Overall higher activity was observed in hot extracts than cold. Hot extracts of acetone, ethanol and methanol of both the parts showed mild to moderate activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, while Escherichia coli was inhibited by chloroform, ethanol and methanol hot extracts. HPTLC analysis and various confirmatory tests for bioactive principles have revealed the presence of alkaloids, anthraglycosides, arbutins, bitter drugs, cardiac glycosides, coumarins, essential oils, flavonoids, saponins and valeportriates.

Mangroves; Acanthus ilicifolius; Antimicrobial property; HPTLC; Phytochemical analysis