Peptic Ulcer Disease: An Overview of Recent Advancements
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Peptic ulcer disease is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal disorders that affect millions of people per year. The pathophysiology of peptic ulcer has centered on an imbalance between aggressive and protective factors in the stomach. Ulcer healing is a cumulative effect of several physiological and constitutive processes that occurs in tandem. A high degree of coordination and regulation during complex sequence of ulcer healing is carried out by different factors. Among them prostaglandins and growth factors have received much attention in recent years. Prostaglandin gets synthesized in the mucosal cells by cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme. Therefore, induction of COX-2 expression leading to higher level of prostaglandin appears to be an important contributing factor in drug mediated ulcer healing apart from the respective mechanisms of different drugs.
KEYWORDS:Peptic ulcer; Healing; prostaglandins; Cyclooxygenase
