eng Oriental Scientific Publishing Company Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 0973-1245 2026-10-10 23 3 59981 article Seema Srivastava 1 Kumari Pragya 1 Manish Kumar Sharma 2 Priya Khangrawat 1 Sharey Sharey 1 Anil Kumar Chandolia 3 Department of Zoology, Reproductive Physiology Lab, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India Department of Zoology, Raj Rishi Government College, Alwar, India Department of Zoology, B.B.D. Government College, Jaipur, India Bisphenol S (BPS) is used to make hard plastics and synthetic fibers for clothing. It is now increasingly used as an alternative for BPA in food packaging materials, baby bottles, food containers and thermal paper. Although BPS has higher molecular stability than BPA, it has been reported in human serum globally. There are evidences that suggesting its potential role in testicular function and spermatogenesis. In the present study, BPS induced oxidative stress in testicular tissues were investigated for its impending role in activation of pro-apoptotic factors. Wistar albino rats were randomly distributed into five groups consisting of Group A: control; Group B-D: 100, 500, 1000 µg/kg body weight/day for 45 days; Group E: 1000 µg/kg body weight/day + 8 mg/kg body weight of Vit-E for 45 days. Oxidative stress parameters i.e. LPO, GSH, GPx, SOD and CAT were examined in testicular tissues. Apoptotic markers i.e. p53, BCL-2 and Caspase-3 were evaluated to draw a parallel between performance of antioxidants and upregulation of expression of apoptotic markers. Result showed dose dependent increase in LPO of testicular tissues exceeding up to 37% in Group D. GPx activity decline by 13-14% while GSH showed attempt to maintain testicular level at lower dose and Vit-E supplemented group. Likewise, nearly 40% decline was noted in activity of catalase in groups C-D. There was a clear equivalence between BPS induced oxidative stress and expression of Caspase-3 and BCL-2. In conclusion, BPS appeared to generate high oxidative stress in testicular tissue leading to equivalently higher activation of pro-apoptotic factors in germ cells. Loss of germ cells in high dose groups indicate excessive elimination of germ cells either due to non- transformability or loss of cellular integrity. https://www.biotech-asia.org/vol23no3/bisphenolsinducedapoptosis-inmalegermcells-a-majorconsequence-of-exhausted-antioxidants/ Bisphenol S; Caspase-3; Oxidative stress; Pro-apoptotic factors; Testicular function