eng Oriental Scientific Publishing Company Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 0973-1245 2026-05-27 23 2 58978 article Therese Jose 1 Valukattil Ponnachan Thomas 2 Jinu John 3 Rogimon Plammoottil Thomas 1 Department of Botany, CMS College Kottayam (Autonomous), Kerala, India Department of Botany, Catholicate College Pathanamthitta, Kerala, India Department of Biotechnology, CMS College Kottayam (Autonomous), Kerala, India The present study aimed to investigate the bioactive potential and phytochemical composition of the rhizomes of Zingiber nimmonii (J. Graham) Dalzell, a relatively unexplored species within the Zingiberaceae family. This species, endemic to peninsular India has been traditionally used in indigenous medicine owing to its rich content of secondary metabolites. Phytochemical constituents were extracted from powdered rhizomes using ultrasonic-assisted extraction techniques. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated by the agar well diffusion method, while anti-inflammatory effects were assessed through the in vitro sheep red blood cell (SRBC) membrane stabilization assay involving both heat-induced and hypotonicity-induced hemolysis. Preliminary phytochemical screening of petroleum ether and methanolic extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, reducing sugars, terpenoids, wax and mucilage, carbohydrates, steroids, and amino acids. The antimicrobial assay conducted against four bacterial strains (both Gram-positive and Gram-negative) and two fungal strains demonstrated notable zones of inhibition for Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The extracts further exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity by stabilizing erythrocyte membranes and inhibiting hemolysis under both heat and hypotonic stress conditions. https://www.biotech-asia.org/vol23no2/phytochemical-antimicrobial-and-anti-inflammatory-studies-of-zingiber-nimmonii-j-graham-dalzell-zingiberaceae/ Anti-inflammatory; Antimicrobial properties; Phytochemistry; Traditional medicine; Ultrasonication; Zingiber