eng Oriental Scientific Publishing Company Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 0973-1245 2026-05-06 23 2 58880 article Vivek Kumar Tiwari 1 Merugu Samyuktha 1 Department of Pharmacology, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, India The brain and the spinal cord make up the central nervous system (CNS), which regulates important sensory, motor, cognitive, and autonomic functions. Evidence is accruing to the fact that high-fat diets (HFDs) play a significant role in the development and progression of neurological diseases. HFDs are unhealthy since the chronic use leads to metabolic imbalances that result in insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and systemic inflammation with adverse effects on the well-being of the brain. Some of the most severe pathophysiological events caused by such metabolic changes include neuroinflammation, oxidative stress(OS), mitochondrial dysfunction, and gut-brain axis dysfunction. These mechanisms enhance the deposition of amyloid-b and hyperphosphorylations of tau in the case of Alzheimer disease(AD) which results in dysfunction of the synapses and impairment of cognition. HFD causes oxidative lesions and inflammation which increase the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra when it occurs in the case of Parkinson disease. In addition to this, HFD may modify the homeostasis of the neurotransmitters particularly those of serotonin and hence one becomes more susceptible to depression. The review provides a detailed explanation of the molecular mechanisms of the relationship between the application of high-fat diets and the development of neurological problems and identifies the potential treatment strategies that can be used as prevention and treatment options. https://www.biotech-asia.org/vol23no2/pathophysiological-mechanisms-of-high-fat-diet-induced-neurological-disorders-an-impending-approach/ Alzheimer’s disease; Depression; High fat diet; Oxidative stress; Parkinsons’s disease